Electromagnetic Compatibility

About this course

  • The course leads to skills that correspond to the professional rights of the Electronic Engineer (παρ. 2.δ-ιβ, άρθρο 11, ΠΔ 99/2018 (ΦΕΚ
    187/τ.Α/5-11-2018)), as the principles of electromagnetic compatibility should be taken into account when conducting studies in industrial,
    building, electrical, electronic and network installations, the development and installation of systems, and the implementation of
    telecommunications, networking, electronics / electrical and computer and sensor applications.
    In addition, it contributes to the acquisition of a variety of general skills, such as:
  • project design and management,
  • decision making,
  • autonomous work,
  • teamwork,
  • the exercise of criticism and self-criticism,
  • the promotion of free, creative and inductive thinking,
  • the search, analysis and synthesis of data and information, using the necessary technologies.

Expected learning outcomes

The course covers the theoretical and practical background for:

  • Electromagnetic Theory and its applications,
  • Basic understanding of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC),
  • Electromagnetic Interference & methods for suppressing the relevant effects,
  • EMC Measurements
  • Analysis and design electromagnetic compatible devices and system

After the successful completion of the course the student will be able to:

  • Be familiar and understand the Electromagnetic Theory.
  • To present in a unified way the theory of propagation, scattering and radiation of electromagnetic waves, so that the electromagnetic
    behavior of practical telecommunication systems can be understood.
  • Explain and present in a comprehensive way the theory of electromagnetic compatibility.
  • Be familiar with possible electromagnetic effects-interference in devices and systems.
  • Be aware of applicable regulations and electromagnetic compatibility standards to be applied.
  • Have the experience measuring various electromagnetic interference.
  • Have experience in certifying the electromagnetic compatibility of devices.
  • Have experience designing devices free from electromagnetic interference.
    The course is at the core of the subject of Electronic Engineering (section. 1.c, article 11, ΠΔ 99/2018 (ΦΕΚ 187/τ.Α/5-11-2018)), as
    included in the section “c. Telecommunications, communication and mobile networks, and computer networks.

Indicative Syllabus

    • General Overview of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC). Basic definitions. Examples in EMC problems. EMC Definition. Noise
      Sources, (physical sources, manmade sources). General methods in interference problem solving and compliance of EMC requirements,
      EMC Regulations and Tests.
    • Basic concepts of Electromagnetics and applications in electromagnetic compatibility (ferromagnetic materials). Maxwell equations on
      EMC (Maxwell, Poisson & Laplace Equations). Near- and far-field approximations and energy flow. The small wire antenna. The small
      loop antenna. The near and far field. The flow of energy around a small wire antenna. High and low impedance fields (The fields around
      the small wire and closed loop antennas). The reaction fields.
    • Wave propagation in various media (The refractive index, the characteristic impedance of a dielectric medium). The impedance of the
      near field. The importance of the concept of impediment. The impedance in front of a boundary surface (Dielectric half-wave apertures,
      fourth-half-wave layers). Summary of the concept of impedance. Planar waves in an arbitrary medium (the propagation constant, the
      depth of penetration). Wave propagation in a good conductor. The internal resistance of the conductors. Diffusion. Integral forms of
      Maxwell equations. The laws of Faraday and Ampere. The electric fields in the conductors
    • Explanatory examples in Electromagnetic Compatibility. Interference into a small loop. The interpretation of measurements at various
      distances. Capacitive and inductive coupling. Transient switching phenomena (Powering a transformer, interrupting the power supply of a
      transformer, time varying transitions)
    • Impedance of materials with losses. Incidence of TEM waves on boundary surfaces. Transmission of a TEM wave. A first approximation
      of the transmission factor. Effects of re-reflection. Decibels, shielding efficiency and nepers
    • Multi-layer media reflectance. Absorber design. Factors in the design of absorbers (A hypothetical absorber). The performance of the
      absorbers at different frequencies. Examples of real absorbers.
    • Transmission Lines and Waveguides. Basic concepts. Impedance and phase shift of an ideal transmission line. The characteristic
      impedance of a line with losses. Voltage and current reflection coefficients. Short-circuit transmission line input impedance. Coupling
      between transmission lines. Inductively coupled directional couplers. Coupling in short line lengths. Coupling of transmission lines. The
      mathematical framework. Coupling of shielding currents with signal wires. Cut-off frequency and attenuation constant. Effectiveness of
      shielding with apertures. Resonators and resonator tuning.
    • Shielding theory and practical applications. Static (quasi-static) field protection. Magnetostatic protection. Shields from super – conductive
      materials. Electrostatic shielding. Equivalent shielding circuit models. Electric field shielding. Almost – static magnetic field shielding.
      Planar wave or transmission line shielding models. Extensions of wave level theory to non-ideal situations. The relationship of shielding
      theories with practical applications. Apertures. Apertures and thin conductive films. Alternative ways of describing the quality of shielding.
      Cables and connectors. Grounding techniques.
    • Spectral analysis and antenna theory in Electromagnetic Compatibility. Basic principles. Harmonious deformation. Intermodulation
      deformation or mixing. Spectral analysis. The Fourier series. The Fourier series of pulse series. The Fourier transforms. Spectrum
      Analyzers (The Fast Fourier Transform). The effect of finite rise time. Voltage noise in a coil. An Fourier spectrum approach. Interference
      bandwidth. Antennas and radiation. Differential-mode and common-mode radiation. General properties of antennas (radiation pattern,
      direction and gain. Radiation resistance. Active cross section). Slot antennas and diaphragms.
    • Evaluation and measurement of radiation fields. The mathematical background (Units). Radiation from a loop (Loops with impedance
      Ζ<Ζ0 and with Ζ>Ζ0). Estimation of the radiated fields (The basic calculation, spreadsheet for calculating the intensities of the radiated
      fields). Radiation of common mode on cables. Computer codes for radiation estimation. Broadband antennas. Production of
      electromagnetic fields for EMC tests. The Crawford cells. The GTEM cell. The reverberation chambers.
    • Simple examples of calculating standard coupling cases. Signal safety and grounding. Grounding of cables and pigtails. Grounding of
      single and multiple shielding housings.
    • Passive components and filters. Passive components (Conductors, resistors, capacitors and coils).
    • Isolation and repression. Isolation techniques (Equilibrium or compensating circuits, transformers and common suppression coils, opto-
      isolators and fiber optics. Suppression techniques. Design of electromagnetically compatible circuits. EMC system design.
      In the Laboratory of Telecommunications &amp; Electromagnetic Applications (TelEMA) the theoretical part is applied with experiments,
      demonstration exercises and measurements

    Teaching / Learning Methodology

    Lectures (online, face to face): Every week three hours

    Seminars: One seminar per two weeks where an external speaker interacts with our students in one of the aforementioned topics

    Workshops:Where students practice the soft skills are taught

    Recommended Reading

    TBA

    Prerequisites

    Start Date

    2023

    End Date

    2024

    Apply

    2023

    ENROLL NOW

    Local Course Code

    TBA

    Cycle

    TBA

    Year of study

    TBA

    Language

    English

    Study Load

    Lectures 26
    Practice Exercises 13
    Lab. exercises 26
    Individual study / Individual exercises 77
    Exams 8
    Course Total 150

    ECTS 5

    Mode of delivery

    I. Written final exam (WFE) (70%)
    – Problem solving / calculations
    – Comparative evaluation of theory elements
    II. Lab. Exercises, Technical reports (LE) (15%)
    – Laboratory work / technical reports / measurements in small groups
    III. Lab. Exams (15%)
    – Individual practice tasks
    The assessment criteria are accessible to students from the course website and are
    announced in the first course.

    Instructors

    Dr. Christos D. Nikolopoulos

    Course coordinator

    Dr. Christos D. Nikolopoulos

    E-mail

    chris.d.nikolopoulos@gmail.com